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Address Delivered by the Rev. E. Ahenakew, June 16, 1920
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This article talks about World War One. The first part of the article talks about the about of Aboriginal people who joined the war, even when they were not obligated. The second part of the entry talks about the medals and who got what metal and where they are from. The Final part of this journal speaks about the aftermath of what the war had done to the First Nations communities that volunteered.
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Alexander Morris
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--Description taken From "Alexander Morris"--
Alexander Morris (1826-1889) is best remembered for his service as Lieutenant-Governor of
Manitoba and the North-West Territories (1872-1877), and for acting as the chief Canadian
negotiator for Treaties 3-6 with the Amerindian peoples of western Canada. Ideologically
speaking, Morris was a conservative, an imperialist, and a devout Christian. Historians have
generally argued that Euro-Canadian officials like Morris failed to appreciate the significance of
the treaties and the long-term reciprocal relationship that they entailed for Amerindian peoples. It
is argued here, however, that Morris's understanding of the treaty relationship may have been
much closer to the Amerindian perspective than previously believed. Over time, and through a
series of interactions and intellectual exchanges with Amerindian leaders, Morris was able to
transcend his social formation and empathize significantly with their viewpoint.
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Alma News, April 8, 1885
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In this newsletter article, the paper mentions the Northwest Rebellion and the Riel Rebellion., Article can also be found as the Eskridge Home Weekly, April 9, 1885, Topeka State Journal April 1, 1885 and Herington Tribune, April 9, 1885.
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Alternative Law Journal
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This document is an article about Walsh's Law using Canada, United States and Australia that have a set of beliefs that were taught by a a church.
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Analysis of the Function and Application of the Doctrine of Fiduciary Obligation
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--Description taken from "Analysis of the Function and Application of the Doctrine of Fiduciary Obligation:Illustrated by an Assessment of Obligation Owed By Canada to Canadian Indians"--
This thesis contains an analysis of the function and application of the doctrine of fiduciary obligation, illustrated by an examination of obligations Canada owes to Indians regarding reserve land transactions.
Chapters I and II describe the origin and development of the doctrine and the way in which fiduciary obligations are formulated. Chapters III and IV describe the Crown/Indian relationship and suggest how officials might estimate Crown obligations. The thesis concludes that the doctrine is legislative and that its function is to extend juridical protection to otherwise inadequately regulated relationships of social or economic importance. Rules developed to govern the trustee/beneficiary relationship are adapted and applied to useful relationships to prevent victimization through the use of inherent opportunities for exploitation. Acceptance by Indians of representative decision-making is critical to stable reconciliation of Indian and non-Indian interests. Pursuit of this objective informs the Crown/Indian relationship and shapes the content of Crown obligations.
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Assimilation, Integration or Termination?
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--Description taken from "Assimilation, Integration or Termination?"--
This thesis analyses the evolution and development of Canadian Indian policy at the national level during the years 1943 to 1963. Metis policy, as well as Inuxt policy, are not included in this study as these are separate policy fields, involving a different assemblage of policy actors.
In terms of methodology, the thesis is organized around a heuristic device borrowed from political science - the “policy community” concept. It is argued that politicians, bureaucrats, church authorities, Native leaders, and interest group representatives formed an expanded Indian policy community after the Second World War. The composition, structure, and internal dynamics of this post-war Indian policy community were critical in determining the tone and content o f government policy initiatives during the 1950s and into the early 1960s.
The twenty years from 1943 to 1963 were a significant formative period for modem Indian policy. During these years Indian people and non-Indians went through a mutual ‘learning experience” that significantly altered the course of Indian-govemment relations. The period began with Indian administration in crisis: Indian socio-economic conditions were abysmal; government policy-makers were bankrupt of ideas and bereft of inspiration. Paternalism dominated government thinking and practices and the official policy of Indian assimilation aimed at destroying all vestiges of “Indianness”. The special joint committee of Parliament of 1946-48 recruited new policy actors to the post-war Indian policy community, breathed new life into Indian administration, and helped to recast Indian assimilation in more enlightened terms of Indian “integration” into Canadian society.
While government officials consulted with Native leaders on aspects of the integration agenda, the peculiar structure of the post-war Indian policy community - its systemic stasis - maintained Indian people, their supporters, and interest groups on the periphery of political power and policy-making as “policy takers”. This study concludes that, while an expanded Indian policy community altered the context of post-war Indian policy deliberations, Indian Affairs officials controlled the policy process and brokered significant reforms acceptable to government’s agenda: Indian assimilation was recast in terms of Indian integration, paternalistic practices were gradually abandoned, an Indian political agenda was grudgingly acknowledged, and the notion of Indians as “citizens plus” was broached.
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At the Edge
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-- Description taken from "At the Edge"--
Canadians have developed a vocabulary of regionalism, a cultural shorthand that divides Canada into easily-described spaces: the Arctic, the Prairies, the Maritimes, and Central Canada, for example. But these artificial divisions obscure the history of edge places whose identity is drawn from more than one region. The region north of Prince Albert, Saskatchewan, is a place
on the edge of the boreal forest whose self-representations, local history, and memorials draw heavily on a non-prairie identity. There, the past is associated with the forest in contrast to most Canadians' understanding of Saskatchewan as flat, treeless prairie. This dissertation presents the history of the north Prince Albert region within a framework that challenges common
Saskatchewan and Canadian stereotypes. Through deep-time place history, layers of historical occupation in the study region can be compared and contrasted to show both change and continuity. Historical interpretations have consistently separated the history of Saskatchewan‘s boreal north and prairie south, as if the two have no history of interchange and connection. Using edge theory, this dissertation argues that historical human occupation in the western interior found success in the combination of prairie and boreal lifeways. First Nations groups from both boreal forest and open plain used the forest edge as a refuge, and to enhance resilience through access to resources from the other ecosystem. Newcomer use of the prairie landscape rebranded the boreal north as a place of natural resources to serve the burgeoning prairie market. The prairies could not be settled if there was not also a
nearby and extensive source for what the prairies lacked: timber and fuel. Extensive timber harvesting led to deforestation and the rise of agriculture built on the rhetoric of mixed farming, not King Wheat. The mixed farming movement – tied to landscape – underscored the massive internal migrations from the open prairies to the parkland and forest edge. Soldier settlement, long viewed as a failure, experienced success in the north Prince Albert region and gave a model for future extensive government-supported land settlement
schemes. South-to-north migration during the 1920s was based on a combination of push and pull factors: drought in the Palliser Triangle; and a strengthening northern economy built on cordwood, commercial fishing, freighting, prospecting and fur harvesting, as well as mixed farming. The economy at the forest edge supported occupational pluralism, drawing subsistence
from both farm and forest, reflecting the First Nations model. As tourism grew to prominence, the Saskatchewan dual identity of prairie/forest led to the re-creation of the north Prince Albert region as a new vacationland, the ‗Playground of the Prairies.‘ The northern forest edge drew thousands of migrants during the Great Depression. Historical analysis has consistently interpreted this movement as frantic, a reactionary idea without precedent. Through a deep-time analysis, the Depression migrations are viewed through a new lens. The forest edge was a historic place of both economic and cultural refuge and resilience predicated on the
Saskatchewan contrast of north and south.
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Aural Traditions
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--Description taken from "Aural Traditions, Indigenous Youth and the Hip-Hop Movement in Canada"--
In my dissertation I discuss Native emcees' use of hip-hop music to critically engage their contemporary environments by creating new ways of speaking about themselves, their relationships to cities, and their collective historical memory of traditionally Indigenous lands. The contemporary urban poetry of hip-hop emcees pieces together a collective memory of space and time through contextualizing Indigenous lived experience such as the residential schools which have perpetuated a passed-down grieving. Through examining the lyrics and the narratives of individual emcees, this project illustrates their collective insights and memories, exposing the activism and intelligence embedded within emcee voicing. My work reveals that emcee practices of mimicry, parody, comedy, wordplay, and the ethic of 'keepin' it real,' disrupt 'discourses of dominance'(Vizenor, 1994), and introduce new ways to speak about the cities as Indigenous space.
This project utilizes a fusion of methods including interviewing and discourse analysis to identify how urban spaces are being thought about, navigated, and negotiated. My project includes emcee testimonials that reveal the critically conscious and transformational voicings of hip-hop emcees participating in an oral-based movement which resonates with the oratorical genius and activism of past and present Indigenous leaders. The writing style of this dissertation adopts a storytelling methodology, interweaving poetry, activist, and scholarly writing to mirror the creative dialogue produced within emcee prose in formulating counter-narratives that shape new visions of what it means to be Indigenous in a contemporary urban context., This document is a Preview
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Backyard view, Battleford Industrial School
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A postcard of the Battleford Indian Industrial School. This photograph was probably taken not long after it was built in 1878. The card is dated October, 1888. Pictured are several young, unidentified Indigenous men in the yard, some running, seemingly playing.
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Battleford Agency, 1894
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This document is about Way Chan being transferred from Poundmakers community to Mistawasis First Nation.
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Battleford Agency, 2
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Interview with Basel Fvael who was one of the headmen during the 1985 rebellion.
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Battleford Agency, 5
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Interview with iwe sigau (Fringe) about different articles of clothing and possessions.
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Battleford Industrial School
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A photograph of the Battleford Indian Industrial School from a distance, circa 1896. Fences, outbuildings, a windmill and two houses are also visible